* 1.) Which of the following is the most common cardiac morbidity in open aortic surgery?

• Myocardial infarction
• Congestive heart failure
• Arrhythmia
• Cardiac arrest

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* 2.) Which of the following is associated with increased stroke in carotid endarterectomy?

• Intact circle of Willis without contralateral carotid disease
• Dissection of carotid bifurcation prior to distal control
• Asymptomatic carotid stenosis
• Procedure performed at a high-volume center by a high-volume surgeon

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* 3.) Which of the following statements is true regarding use of iodinated contrast?

• Increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in diabetics
• Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with renal insufficiency
• Greater rate of allergic response for non-ionic contrast than ionic contrast
• Higher risk of allergic reaction if the patient has had a vasectomy

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* 4.) Which of the following is the best initial treatment of mild contrast extravasation after superficial femoral artery angioplasty?

• Open surgical repair with femoral distal bypass
• Low pressure prolonged angioplasty
• Popliteal artery sheath placement for through-and-through access
• Placement of balloon-expandable stent

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* 5.) Which of the following statements regarding infrainguinal bypass is correct?

• May have wound complications in up to 45% of cases
• Has a lower wound infection rate than axillofemoral bypass
• Infection of prosthetic bypass to the graft can be managed with local wound care
• May be complicated by early graft thrombosis in 15% of cases

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